API

Human insulin (100IU)

Drug classification

Antidiabetic agents (short-acting human insulin).

Dosage form

Injectable solution in a cartridge.

API strength per dosage

100 IU per 1 ml

Dose

Adults and children: Initial dose individualized; typical starting dose is 0.2-0.4 IU/kg/day, adjusted based on blood glucose monitoring. Special populations (renal/hepatic impairment): May require lower doses; adjust based on metabolic needs, glycemic control, and renal/hepatic function.

Mechanism of action

Human insulin binds to the insulin receptor, a tyrosine kinase, triggering receptor autophosphorylation and activation. This promotes glucose uptake, protein synthesis, and lipid synthesis, while inhibiting gluconeogenesis and lipolysis, thereby lowering blood glucose levels.

Indications

Diabetes

Side effects

Hypoglycemia low blood glucose level Weight gain Injection site reactions pain swelling redness Cold sweat Anxiety Shakiness Hunger pangs Fast heart rate Headache Nervousness

Pregnancy category

Category A

Precautions

Monitor for hypoglycaemia, adjust dose in renal or hepatic impairment, rotate injection sites to prevent lipodystrophy, avoid abrupt discontinuation, use with caution in patients with hypokalaemia risk, monitor blood glucose regularly, avoid mixing with other insulins unless specified, ensure proper storage, educate patients on injection technique.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to human insulin or any excipients, hypoglycaemia.