API

Diltiazem (90mg)

Drug classification

Calcium channel blocker (non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker)

Dosage form

Extended-release capsule

API strength per dosage

90 mg

Dose

Adults: 90–180 mg once daily, adjusted as needed; maximum 360 mg/day. Pediatrics: Safety and efficacy not established. Elderly or hepatic/renal impairment: Initiate at lower doses and titrate cautiously.

Mechanism of action

Inhibits L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (Cav1.2) in cardiac and vascular smooth muscle, reducing intracellular calcium influx, leading to decreased myocardial contractility, suppressed sinoatrial and atrioventricular node conduction, and vascular smooth muscle relaxation, resulting in lowered heart rate, decreased cardiac workload, and vasodilation.

Indications

Treatment of Hypertension (high blood pressure)Treatment of Angina (heart-related chest pain)Treatment of Arrhythmia

Side effects

Headache Dizziness Nausea Edema swelling

Pregnancy category

Precautions

Contraindications