API

Drug classification

Antineoplastic agents (alkylating agent, nitrogen mustard derivative)

Dosage form

Powder For Injection

API strength per dosage

Cyclophosphamide for injection 1gm

Dose

Adults: 500–1,000 mg/m² IV every 3 weeks or 10–15 mg/kg IV every 7–10 days. Pediatrics: 2–3 mg/kg/day IV for 2–5 days or 200–1,200 mg/m² per cycle. Dose adjustments required in renal or hepatic impairment. Always individualize based on indication and patient factors.

Mechanism of action

Indications

Malignant lymphomas, multiple myeloma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, acute leukemias, ovarian carcinoma, breast carcinoma, neuroblastoma, retinoblastoma, mycosis fungoides, minimal change nephrotic syndrome in children.

Side effects

Myelosuppression, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, hemorrhagic cystitis, nausea, vomiting, alopecia, infertility, secondary malignancies, cardiotoxicity, hyponatremia, pulmonary toxicity, immunosuppression, mucositis.

Pregnancy category

Precautions

Monitor for myelosuppression, ensure adequate hydration to prevent hemorrhagic cystitis, assess renal and hepatic function, avoid live vaccines, monitor for infections, use effective contraception, watch for cardiac toxicity at high doses, adjust dose in renal/hepatic impairment, monitor for secondary malignancies, and avoid in pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Contraindications