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Biochemistry Biomedical Waste Management

Universal Precautions and PPE

Topic overview

Start with the big picture

The lesson connects universal precautions with everyday infection-control practices: hand hygiene before and after patient or waste contact, worker immunization, and biomedical waste segregation at the point of generation. It introduces safe sharps handling, storage and transport, and a sequence for managing spills. PPE selection is guided by the risk of splashes or aerosols, with coverage of gloves, masks and respirators, eye and face protection, gowns, and protective clothing for footwear and hair. Learners are also introduced to the correct doffing order, disposal of disposable PPE, and engineering and administrative controls. Together, these topics provide a practical framework for limiting exposure and handling contaminated materials safely.

Learning objectives

What you'll learn

  • Explain the universal-precautions approach to blood and body fluids.
  • Identify when hand hygiene and worker immunization are important.
  • Describe core steps for biomedical waste segregation and sharps safety.
  • Match PPE choices to splash and aerosol exposure risks.
  • Recall the PPE doffing sequence and disposal principles.
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