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Myasthenia gravis involves antibodies directed mainly against postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, sometimes MuSK, impairing neuromuscular transmission. Weakness may affect the eyes, bulbar muscles, and limbs, typically worsening with exertion and improving with rest. The lesson’s outline covers diagnosis, treatment, thymic associations, and crisis triggers. Duchenne muscular dystrophy results from mutations that cause absent dystrophin, a protein that helps stabilize the muscle-cell membrane. It commonly presents in early childhood with progressive proximal weakness, delayed walking, Gower sign, and calf pseudohypertrophy. The source also outlines diagnostic findings, complications, and management, and contrasts Duchenne with Becker muscular dystrophy, in which partially functional dystrophin is produced.