Topic overview

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Colds are caused by respiratory viruses, including rhinovirus, coronavirus, and RSV, and typically resolve within 7–10 days. Congestion, runny nose, sneezing, sore throat, and sometimes cough are characteristic; fever may be absent or low grade. Care generally focuses on symptom relief and supportive measures rather than antibiotics. The lesson distinguishes among treatment options and their cautions, including limits on topical nasal decongestants, contraindications for some oral decongestants, and sedation or antimuscarinic effects associated with first-generation antihistamines. It also addresses the quality of evidence for selected remedies, prevention through practical measures, pediatric considerations, and symptoms or duration that should prompt medical review.