chronic renal failure
Start with the big picture
CKD is defined by a GFR below 60 mL/min/1.73 m² or evidence of kidney damage for at least three months. Diabetes and hypertension are leading causes; glomerulonephritis and polycystic kidney disease are also important. Classification combines GFR stages, from G1 through G5, with albuminuria categories. Management spans blood pressure control and therapies intended to slow progression, alongside care for anemia, mineral and bone disorder, acidosis, hyperkalemia, and volume overload. Pharmacy practice also requires attention to nephrotoxins, medicines that may be unsuitable at low eGFR, renal dose adjustment, and monitoring. The full lesson further addresses dialysis, immunizations, nutrition, patient counseling, and follow-up.
What you'll learn
- Define CKD using GFR and duration or evidence of kidney damage.
- Identify common CKD etiologies and describe GFR and albuminuria classification.
- Summarize major approaches to blood pressure control and slowing CKD progression.
- Recognize key CKD complications and medication-safety considerations.
- Explain why renal function assessment and monitoring inform medication dosing.
Continue your study
Work through the complete notes and reinforce the topic with the study tools available in the full lesson.
