Pneumonias: Community-Acquired and Nosocomial
Start with the big picture
CAP is acquired outside hospital or develops within 48 hours of admission; Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause, while atypical pathogens may be associated with diffuse interstitial radiographic findings and dry cough. HAP/VAP develops later in the hospital course or after intubation and is associated with organisms including Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, Acinetobacter, and MRSA. The lesson connects these settings to risk factors, clinical patterns, severity assessment, and diagnostic steps. It also introduces treatment approaches, the value of obtaining cultures when feasible, serious complications such as empyema and ARDS, and prevention measures including vaccination, hand hygiene, and ventilator bundles.
What you'll learn
- Distinguish CAP from HAP/VAP by setting and timing.
- Identify common typical and atypical CAP pathogens and associated clinical clues.
- Recognize risk factors and features used in pneumonia severity assessment.
- Outline diagnostic, management, complication, and prevention considerations for each setting.
Continue your study
Work through the complete notes and reinforce the topic with the study tools available in the full lesson.
