Adrenal Disorders: Cushing's Syndrome, Addison's Disease
Start with the big picture
Cushing’s syndrome has several possible sources, including prolonged corticosteroid therapy, pituitary ACTH excess, ectopic ACTH production, and adrenal lesions. Its classic features include central obesity with moon facies, proximal muscle weakness, and purple striae. Addison’s disease results from adrenal cortex destruction, reducing cortisol, aldosterone, and androgen production; findings can include hyperpigmentation, low blood pressure, salt craving, and electrolyte or glucose abnormalities. The topic also introduces acute adrenal crisis and the distinction between primary and secondary or tertiary insufficiency. Diagnostic testing helps identify hormone excess or deficiency and, in Cushing’s syndrome, locate its source. Management depends on the cause, while complications such as adrenal crisis underscore the clinical importance of recognizing these disorders.
What you'll learn
- Distinguish Cushing’s syndrome from Cushing’s disease and identify common causes.
- Recognize hallmark clinical features of glucocorticoid excess and primary adrenal insufficiency.
- Describe how diagnostic testing helps evaluate adrenal hormone excess or deficiency.
- Differentiate primary adrenal insufficiency from secondary or tertiary insufficiency.
- Identify the presentation and potential triggers of acute adrenal crisis.
Continue your study
Work through the complete notes and reinforce the topic with the study tools available in the full lesson.
