Topic overview

Start with the big picture

Recognizing a defect is only the first step: understanding how it arises helps guide manufacturing checks and quality decisions. Tablet defects may reflect compression conditions, granule moisture, binding or lubrication, powder flow, or coating parameters. Examples include capping and lamination, surface damage, uneven color, and failures in weight or mechanical strength. Capsule defects involve different features of the shell and fill, such as brittleness, leakage, telescoping or splitting, and delayed dissolution associated with gelatin cross-linking. The lesson organizes these problems by dosage form and connects their observable features with contributing causes, providing a foundation for identifying where process or material factors may need attention.