Topic overview

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Herbal nanocarriers include liposomes, phytosomes, polymeric and solid-lipid nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, dendrimers, and metallic nanoparticles. Their functions differ: phytosomes can enhance membrane permeation of polyphenols, solid-lipid nanoparticles can protect labile actives and support controlled release, and nanoemulsions can promote rapid absorption of essential oils. Ligand tagging and responsive surfaces offer approaches to targeted or site-specific delivery. Plant-mediated synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles is another area of interest. These potential benefits must be assessed alongside critical quality attributes, characterization methods, possible nanotoxicity, regulatory expectations, and practical scale-up challenges. The topic also surveys clinical leads and emerging delivery formats without treating them as established outcomes.