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Calcitonin is a peptide that reduces osteoclast activity and renal calcium and phosphate reabsorption. The lesson covers its sources, formulations, pharmacokinetics, clinical uses, adverse effects, and contraindications. It then compares three PTH-related agents: teriparatide, abaloparatide, and full-length recombinant PTH for chronic hypoparathyroidism. With intermittent dosing, PTH analogs promote osteoblastic bone formation and affect calcium handling. Their safety considerations include treatment duration, specified contraindications and interactions, and monitoring of laboratory measures and bone mineral density. A central distinction is that calcitonin is anti-resorptive, while pulsatile PTH signaling is anabolic; the agents therefore affect bone through different cellular targets despite both being associated with reduced fracture risk.