Anti-inflammatory Agents (Corticosteroids, Leukotriene Modifiers)
Start with the big picture
Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), including beclomethasone, budesonide, fluticasone, and mometasone, are first-line controller therapy for persistent asthma. They reduce airway eosinophils and inflammatory cytokines, improving symptoms and lung function and reducing exacerbations over time. Systemic corticosteroids are used for acute severe exacerbations or selected refractory maintenance needs, but carry broader risks than inhaled treatment. Leukotriene modifiers include receptor antagonists such as montelukast and zafirlukast, and the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor zileuton. They can support maintenance treatment in selected settings, though they are less effective than ICS for lung function and do not provide significant bronchodilation in an acute attack. Their cautions include liver monitoring and clinically important drug interactions for certain agents.
What you'll learn
- Explain how inhaled corticosteroids reduce airway inflammation in asthma.
- Identify the roles of inhaled and systemic corticosteroids in asthma care.
- Compare leukotriene receptor antagonists with zileuton by mechanism and use.
- Recognize key adverse effects, monitoring needs, and interactions of these agents.
- Distinguish maintenance treatment from therapy needed during an acute attack.
Continue your study
Work through the complete notes and reinforce the topic with the study tools available in the full lesson.
