Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEIs)
Start with the big picture
ACEIs inhibit the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, reducing vasoconstriction and aldosterone-driven sodium and water retention. They also decrease bradykinin breakdown, supporting vasodilation while contributing to cough and angioedema. The class includes agents such as captopril, enalapril, lisinopril, and ramipril; some are prodrugs, while others are active forms. Uses include hypertension, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, care after myocardial infarction, and proteinuric diabetic or chronic kidney disease. Safe use involves attention to first-dose hypotension, kidney function, potassium, contraindications, and interactions. The full lesson develops these topics in more detail, including monitoring and considerations for specific patient groups.
What you'll learn
- Explain how ACE inhibition changes angiotensin II and bradykinin levels.
- Distinguish listed ACEI prodrugs from active forms.
- Identify major clinical indications and cardiovascular and renal benefits.
- Recognize important adverse effects, contraindications, and drug interactions.
- Describe key kidney-function and potassium monitoring considerations.
Continue your study
Work through the complete notes and reinforce the topic with the study tools available in the full lesson.
